Vitinho last played on 30 April, in a 2-0 win over Peñarol in the Conmebol Libertadores group stage. He suffered three consecutive injuries, including a meniscus injury in his left knee that required surgery.
The 29-year-old Brazilian has been named in the squad for Corinthians' match against Flamengo in Rio de Janeiro on Sunday. He will be joined by 19-year-old defender Yago Melo, who has been called up to the first team for the first time.
Corinthians have travelled to Rio de Janeiro without several key players, including midfielder Zakaria Labyad, who is recovering from knee surgery, and forward Kayke, who is undergoing treatment for a knee injury.