Kevin Castaño was revealed by Águilas Doradas in Colombia and played 80 games, scoring 2 goals and providing 4 assists for the club. He was contracted by Cruz Azul in Mexico in 2023 and then sold to Krasnodar in Russia for $7.5 million the same year. Castaño played 31 games for Krasnodar, scoring 1 goal. He was transferred to River Plate in 2024 and played 45 games, providing 2 assists. Castaño was loaned to Atlético-MG in 2026, giving him a new opportunity to establish himself in the team. He has also been a reserve player for the Colombian national team in the 2026 World Cup, playing 27 games for the team. Castaño's excellent ball distribution and tactical positioning have drawn comparisons to Spanish player Busquets.